NRNP6665 Week 5 Assignment Patient Education for Children and Adolescents (Bipolar Disorder)

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NRNP6665 Week 5 Assignment Patient Education for Children and Adolescents (Bipolar Disorder)

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NRNP 6665: PMHNP Care Across the Lifespan I

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Bipolar disorder in Children & Adolescents

Bipolar Disorder is a type of disorder that affects one’s mood; the persons experience a manic and or hypomanic episode along with the low feelings of depression. According to the American Psychiatric Association, Bipolar Disorder is defined as a brain disorder that causes changes in a person’s mood, energy, and ability to function. It is characterized by intense emotional states that occur in distinct periods called mood episodes (McIntyre et al., 2020). These mood episodes are classified as manic, hypomanic, or depressive. People with Bipolar Disorder can also experience periods of neutral mood. Everyone should be able to easily note the symptoms, know how it is being managed, and also get the correct information where to turn to, for help.

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder in children and adolescents may not be the same as that of adults (Cichoń et al., 2020). Key signs and symptoms include:

Manic Episodes

• • Being happy all the time, or goofing off at school
  • Suffering from a very low level of patience or looking like one is in a very bad mood.
  • Speaking rapidly and on many topics
  • On the hand, you find yourself struggling to sleep yet you are not even tired.
• Calmly going through crucial behaviors while not pondering an outcome.

Depressive Episodes

• Severe depression or clinical depression
• The amount of sleeping also has an effect, either too much or too little sleep can cause one to be sleepy all day.
• Taking a lot of food or taking little food
• Having very little strength and feeling increasingly weary and bored with previously enjoyable tasks.
• Considering possibilities of or engaging in death or suicide.

If one identifies such signs, then it will assist in the proper diagnosis and management of this disorder.

Pharmacological Treatments

Medications for Bipolar Disorder are generally considered to be a keystone in the treatment of this condition. They have proved useful in preventing fluctuations in moods and even moderating the extent and the number of episodes (Davydov et al., 2021). Common medications include:

• Mood Stabilizers: It must be noted that lithium is one of the most frequently used mood stabilizers.
• Antipsychotics: These can assist in managing symptoms for mania. Some of them are risperidone and aripiprazole though the list is slightly more extensive than these two choices.
• Antidepressants: Occasionally prescribed for depressive episodes but most often as an adjunct to fend off the onset of mania.

Nonpharmacological Treatments

In addition to medication, several nonpharmacological treatments can help manage Bipolar Disorder. 

• Psychotherapy: CBT is the process by which children and adolescents are made to understand their thought process and feelings and how they handle them.
• Family Therapy: Engages the family and also seeks to enhance communication as well as support for people with the condition.
• Education: To educate the patient and family of the disease that affects the patient.
• Lifestyle Changes: It is suggested that having proper sleep at the right time, taking proper meals and exercising could reduce mood swings.

Community Resources and Referrals

Having the right companion during therapy is very important in Bipolar Disorder. Here are some community resources and referrals that can help:

1. Mental Health Professionals: Mental health care professionals that consist of psychiatrists, psychologists, and licensed therapists, in particular, who have a specialty in Bipolar Disorder.
2. Support Groups: However, group support may also be the same as in the offline and online format, that is, people with the same experiences feel the same. There are support groups that can help the youths; one of them is the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance also known as DBSA.
3. School Counselors: It may offer services for support and living arrangements to handle issues that may come in school.
4. Crisis Services: If one does not find it suitable using the above line, the following services can be used in emergency; The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (1-800-273-TALK) and Crisis Text Line where one only needs to type HELLO to 741741.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the first way to solve Bipolar Disorder, which is familiar with in children and adolescents, is to comprehend this severe condition. Understanding the signs and symptoms, drug therapy and other treatment alternatives and involvement of community resources can work wonders to the lives of the affected patients and their families. Because youth develop various health risk factors when they are young, intervention before and after enrollment is imperative for students to achieve proper health balance.

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References

Psychiatria Polska, 54(1), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.12740/pp/onlinefirst/92740 

Davydov, D. M., Galvez-Sánchez, C. M., Montoro, C. I., de Guevara, C. M. L., & Reyes del Paso, G. A. (2021). Scientific Reports, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99803-x 

McIntyre, R. S., Berk, M., Brietzke, E., Goldstein, B. I., López-Jaramillo, C., Kessing, L. V., Malhi, G. S., Nierenberg, A. A., Rosenblat, J. D., Majeed, A., Vieta, E., Vinberg, M., Young, A. H., & Mansur, R. B. (2020). Bipolar disorders. The Lancet, 396(10265), 1841–1856. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31544-0

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