NR.210.609 Philosophical, Theoretical & Ethical Basis of Advanced Nursing Practice

Introduction

Advanced nursing practice (ANP) is a specialized field within nursing that encompasses a range of roles and responsibilities beyond traditional nursing practice. ANP is guided by a philosophical, theoretical, and ethical basis that informs the practice and distinguishes it from other nursing roles. In this article, we will explore the philosophical, theoretical, and ethical foundations of advanced nursing practice, highlighting their importance in shaping the profession and guiding nurses in delivering high-quality care.

Philosophical Basis of Advanced Nursing Practice

The philosophical basis of advanced nursing practice underpins the values, beliefs, and principles that guide the profession. One of the central philosophical concepts in nursing is holism, which recognizes individuals as complex beings with interconnected physical, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions. ANP embraces this holistic perspective and emphasizes the importance of considering the whole person in the provision of care.
Furthermore, ANP is founded on the principle of patient-centered care. This approach recognizes the unique needs, preferences, and values of each patient, and it involves actively involving them in decision-making processes related to their health and care. ANP practitioners strive to establish a therapeutic partnership with patients, fostering trust, empathy, and open communication.

Another significant philosophical concept in advanced nursing practice is the promotion of health and wellness. ANP practitioners aim to not only address acute or chronic illnesses but also to promote overall well-being and preventive care. They recognize the importance of health promotion, disease prevention, and health education in improving the health outcomes of individuals, families, and communities.

Theoretical Basis of Advanced Nursing Practice

The theoretical basis of advanced nursing practice provides a framework for understanding and applying nursing knowledge in practice. One influential nursing theory is the Roy Adaptation Model developed by Sister Callista Roy. This theory emphasizes the dynamic nature of human beings and their constant interaction with their environment. ANP practitioners use this model to assess and intervene in the patient’s adaptation to health challenges, focusing on promoting positive adaptation and maintaining optimal health.
Another widely recognized nursing theory is the Neuman Systems Model, developed by Betty Neuman. This model views individuals as dynamic systems seeking stability and balance. ANP practitioners draw on this theory to assess the patient’s stability and provide interventions to restore or maintain equilibrium within the context of their environment.

Moreover, advanced nursing practice incorporates evidence-based practice (EBP) as a fundamental theoretical approach. EBP involves integrating the best available evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences to guide clinical decision-making. ANP practitioners critically appraise research literature and apply the findings to their practice, ensuring that their interventions are based on the most up-to-date evidence.

Furthermore, ANP practitioners often rely on theories from other disciplines, such as psychology, sociology, and organizational theory, to enhance their understanding of complex health situations. These theories provide valuable insights into human behavior, social determinants of health, and healthcare system dynamics, enabling ANP practitioners to provide holistic and comprehensive care.

Ethical Basis of Advanced Nursing Practice

Ethics play a crucial role in advanced nursing practice, guiding practitioners in making morally sound decisions and providing ethically responsible care. The ethical basis of ANP is built upon several key principles, including autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.
Respecting autonomy is a foundational principle in ANP, which involves honoring the patients’ right to make informed decisions about their healthcare. ANP practitioners empower patients by providing them with relevant information, supporting their decision-making capacity, and respecting their choices, even if they may differ from the practitioner’s recommendations.

NR.210.608 The Research Process & Its Application to Evidence-Based Practice

Beneficence refers to the duty of ANP practitioners to act in the best interest of their patients, promoting their well-being and health outcomes. ANP practitioners strive to provide competent, compassionate, and culturally sensitive care, considering the individual needs and preferences of each patient.

Nonmaleficence entails the obligation to do no harm to patients. ANP practitioners must assess the potential risks and benefits of interventions and take necessary precautions to minimize harm. They prioritize patient safety and well-being while delivering high-quality care.

The principle of justice guides ANP practitioners in promoting fairness and equity in healthcare delivery. They advocate for equal access to healthcare services, address health disparities, and strive to eliminate discrimination and bias in their practice. ANP practitioners also work towards advocating for social justice and addressing the social determinants of health that impact individuals and communities.

Conclusion

The philosophical, theoretical, and ethical basis of advanced nursing practice provides a solid framework for guiding ANP practitioners in their roles and responsibilities. These foundations emphasize holistic care, patient-centeredness, health promotion, and the integration of nursing theories and evidence-based practice. Ethical principles ensure that ANP practitioners provide care that is respectful, beneficial, non-harmful, and just. By adhering to these philosophical, theoretical, and ethical principles, advanced nursing practitioners contribute to the advancement of nursing as a profession and promote positive patient outcomes.